Ledje C, Arnason U
Department of Genetics, University of Lund, Sweden.
J Mol Evol. 1996 Feb;42(2):135-44. doi: 10.1007/BF02198839.
The evolutionary relationships among the Carnivora were studied in a phylogenetic analysis based on the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The study, which addressed primarily the relationships among the Caniformia, included 4 feliform and 26 caniform species, with 9 pinnipeds. The analysis identified five caniform clades: Canidae, Ailuridae (with the monotypic lesser panda), Musteloidea (Mustelidae + Procyonidae), Ursidae (including the giant panda), and Pinnipedia. The closest relatives of the Pinnipedia among terrestrial caniforms were not identified conclusively. Our analysis shows that the skunks are only distantly related to remaining mustelids (Mustelidae sensu stricto) and that the family Mustelidae, including the skunks, is paraphyletic. The relationship among the five caniform clades was unresolved, suggesting an evolutionary separation within a relatively short period of time. Based on distance values, we propose that this primary diversification took place approximately 45 million years ago.
基于完整的线粒体细胞色素b基因进行系统发育分析，研究了食肉目动物之间的进化关系。该研究主要探讨犬型亚目之间的关系，包括4种猫型亚目动物和26种犬型亚目动物，其中有9种鳍足类动物。分析确定了五个犬型亚目分支：犬科、小熊猫科（单型的小熊猫）、鼬超科（鼬科 + 浣熊科）、熊科（包括大熊猫）和鳍足目。在陆生犬型亚目动物中，鳍足目的近亲尚未得到确凿认定。我们的分析表明，臭鼬与其余的鼬科动物（狭义的鼬科）关系较远，包括臭鼬在内的鼬科是并系群。五个犬型亚目分支之间的关系尚未确定，这表明在相对较短的时间内发生了进化分化。基于距离值，我们认为这种主要的分化大约发生在4500万年前。
