Verstraete F J, van Aarde R J, Nieuwoudt B A, Mauer E, Kass P H
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
J Comp Pathol. 1996 Oct;115(3):265-82. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9975(96)80084-3.
Skulls (n = 301) of adult feral cats from Marion Island, a sub-Antarctic island, were examined macroscopically. Congenital anomalies, which were rare, included a few supernumerary premolars, located mesially to those normally present. Supernumerary roots, mainly of the maxillary third premolar, were found in just over 10% of cases. The maxillary second premolar was absent in 16.8% of skulls; dichotomous and double-formed roots of this tooth were present in 20.1% and 1.9% of cases, respectively. Enamel hypoplasia, which is most unusual in this species, was noted in 24.6% of cases, and persistent deciduous teeth in 2.0%. Dental abrasion, which was noted in 19.3% of cats, affected only 2.3% of teeth, most commonly the lower fourth and upper third premolars. Dental fractures, mainly complicated crown fractures and root fractures, were noted in 54.8% of cats and 7.0% of teeth. Fractures were found most commonly in the canine and carnassial teeth, as also were periapical lesions, which were often severe. Mandibular fractures in various stages of healing were found in 11 cats (3.7%); such fractures most frequently affected the body of the mandible and resulted in malunion. It was concluded that the high prevalence of dental fractures and associated periapical lesions probably exerted a significant adverse effect on health and survival in this population of feral cats.
对来自亚南极岛屿马里恩岛的301只成年野猫的头骨进行了宏观检查。先天性异常较为罕见，包括一些额外的前磨牙，位于正常前磨牙的近中位置。额外牙根主要见于上颌第三前磨牙，超过10%的病例中发现有额外牙根。16.8%的头骨中没有上颌第二前磨牙；该牙齿的二分根和双根分别见于20.1%和1.9%的病例。釉质发育不全在该物种中极为罕见，在24.6%的病例中被发现，乳牙滞留见于2.0%的病例。19.3%的猫存在牙齿磨损，仅2.3%的牙齿受到影响，最常见于下颌第四前磨牙和上颌第三前磨牙。牙齿骨折主要为复杂的冠折和根折，在54.8%的猫和7.0%的牙齿中被发现。骨折最常见于犬齿和裂齿，根尖周病变也很常见，且往往较为严重。11只猫（3.7%）存在处于不同愈合阶段的下颌骨折；此类骨折最常累及下颌体，导致愈合不良。研究得出结论，牙齿骨折及相关根尖周病变的高发生率可能对这群野猫的健康和生存产生了重大不利影响。
