Delgado-Rodríguez M, Sillero M
Cátedra de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander.
Gac Sanit. 1995 Jan-Feb;9(46):42-52. doi: 10.1016/s0213-9111(95)71216-x.
Hybrid epidemiologic designs combining elements from case-control studies and cohort studies are reviewed. Firstly, the characteristics of selection of both index group and reference group are commented on. The selection of cases required a population-based disease registry. The type of selection of reference group permits to identify the main hybrid designs: the case-cohort approach, sampling from the base at the beginning of risk period, and the nested (within a cohort) case-control studies, usually with a matched density sampling. The assumptions needed for estimating without bias relative risk or rate ratio via odds ratio and without needing the condition of disease rarity are revised. Advantages, uses, and drawbacks are summarized. Lastly, general guidelines for the analysis of these designs are displayed.
本文综述了结合病例对照研究和队列研究要素的混合流行病学设计。首先，对指数组和参照组的选择特征进行了评述。病例的选择需要基于人群的疾病登记系统。参照组的选择类型有助于识别主要的混合设计：病例队列法，即在风险期开始时从基础人群中抽样；以及巢式（队列内）病例对照研究，通常采用匹配密度抽样。本文还修订了通过比值比无偏估计相对风险或率比且无需疾病罕见性条件所需的假设。总结了这些设计的优点、用途和缺点。最后，展示了这些设计分析的一般指南。
