Bertoli S, Probst R, Jordan P
Universitäts-HNO-Klinik, Kantonsspital Basel.
HNO. 1996 Jul;44(7):376-84.
Hearing problems in elderly patients cannot be evaluated completely with conventional audiological tests in most cases. Two hundred and one subjects aged 60 years or more complaining of hearing problems were studied. The following tests were employed: pure-tone audiometry, the "Basler Satztest" (a German version of the SPIN-test assessing speech perception in noise), and a German version of a "Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly" (HHIE). These latter versions were developed in our institution. An auditory handicap was found in one-third of subjects with mild hearing losses (PTA < 30 dB; n = 135) and in two-thirds of subjects with greater hearing losses (PTA > and = 30 dB; n = 65). The relatively weak correlations of the pure-tone audiogram (r = 0.49) or speech audiometry (r = 0.41) with HHIE indicate that more than 50% of the variance of the hearing handicap was due to non-audiologic factors. For this reason, we recommend that the handicap questionnaire be added to the audiometric evaluation.
在大多数情况下，常规听力测试无法全面评估老年患者的听力问题。对201名60岁及以上有听力问题主诉的受试者进行了研究。采用了以下测试：纯音听力测定、“巴塞尔语句测试”（德语版的SPIN测试，用于评估噪声环境下的言语感知）以及德语版的“老年人听力障碍量表”（HHIE）。后两种版本是在我们机构开发的。在轻度听力损失（纯音平均听阈<30 dB；n = 135）的受试者中，三分之一存在听觉障碍；在听力损失较重（纯音平均听阈≥30 dB；n = 65）的受试者中，三分之二存在听觉障碍。纯音听力图（r = 0.49）或言语测听（r = 0.41）与HHIE的相关性相对较弱，这表明听力障碍超过50%的变异是由非听力因素导致的。因此，我们建议在听力测试评估中增加障碍问卷。
