Wagner U A, Gembruch U, Schmitt O, Hansmann M
Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Bonn.
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1996 Jul-Aug;134(4):337-40. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1039771.
Although etiology and pathogenesis of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) is of broad interest in orthopaedics, basic questions still remain obscure. Advances in high-resolution ultrasound technology now permit investigation of the fetal hip joint in vivo. Standard values of intrauterine hip development have been established by investigating 146 fetuses (141 pregnancies) in vivo by ultrasound. Standard values describe the development from 20th weeks of gestation until birth. Prenatal Alpha- values suggest influence of intrauterine posture and spatial fetal conditions on hip development. Alpha-angles of 59.7 (SD 8.9) are achieved at the end of pregnancy. These angles meet standards of Graf's calculations for the postnatal hip development. Standard values of intrauterine hip development are of basic interest for interpretation of hip joints in premature children.
尽管先天性髋关节脱位（CDH）的病因和发病机制在骨科领域备受关注，但一些基本问题仍不明确。高分辨率超声技术的进步使得在体内对胎儿髋关节进行研究成为可能。通过超声对146例胎儿（141次妊娠）进行体内研究，确定了宫内髋关节发育的标准值。标准值描述了从妊娠20周直至出生的发育情况。产前α值提示宫内姿势和胎儿空间条件对髋关节发育的影响。妊娠末期α角达到59.7（标准差8.9）。这些角度符合格拉夫（Graf）对出生后髋关节发育计算的标准。宫内髋关节发育的标准值对于解释早产儿的髋关节具有重要的基础意义。
