Goldsmith D F, Ruble R P, Klein C O
Western Consortium for Public Health, Berkeley, California 94704, USA.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1995;21 Suppl 2:104-7.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has judged that the evidence for the carcinogenicity of silica in animals is sufficient, and for humans it is limited. With the use of the Global 86 computer model, animal and human cancer potency data were extrapolated and the findings compared. The animal findings were based on inhalation rat studies. The cancer slope factors ranged from 2.3 x 10(-5) to 6.0 x 10(-3) for (1 mu g center dot m(-3)-1 among three experimental studies. The epidemiologic findings were from gold workers exposed to quartz and diatomaceous earth workers exposed to cristobalite. The cancer slope factors ranged from 6.8 x 10(-7) to 1.85 x 10(-5) for lifetime exposure to 1 (mu g center dot m-3)-1 of silica dust. Because of the many uncertainties involved in extrapolating to humans from animal data, more rational risk assessments are achieved when data from silica-exposed workers are used than when laboratory findings are relied on.
国际癌症研究机构判定，二氧化硅对动物致癌性的证据充分，对人类致癌性的证据有限。利用全球86计算机模型，推算出动物和人类癌症效能数据并比较结果。动物研究结果基于大鼠吸入实验。三项实验研究中，癌症斜率因子范围为2.3×10⁻⁵至6.0×10⁻³（每立方米1微克⁻¹）。流行病学研究结果来自接触石英的金矿工人和接触方石英的硅藻土工人。终身接触每立方米1微克二氧化硅粉尘时，癌症斜率因子范围为6.8×10⁻⁷至1.85×10⁻⁵。由于从动物数据外推至人类存在诸多不确定性，使用接触二氧化硅工人的数据比依赖实验室研究结果能实现更合理的风险评估。
