Drummond M F
Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Haslington, United Kingdom.
Clin Ther. 1996 Sep-Oct;18(5):969-78; discussion 968. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80053-1.
In the context of new challenges, issues facing the science, practice, and future of pharmacoeconomics will be discussed. Certain methodologic weaknesses have been observed in published pharmacoeconomic studies, and compromises need to be made between developing an "ideal" method and allowing a study to remain practicable. The objective is to reach a balance between clinical trial-based studies and projective models; trials have high internal validity but low external validity, while models can help explore relevance to real-life settings. Cross-national differences also have an important impact on pharmacoeconomic data; however, using some basic standardized guidelines results from pharmacoeconomic studies may be generalized to other settings. The use of pharmacoeconomic results by decision makers in the United Kingdom has been restrained by unclear priorities within their authority and by the limited availability of credible studies. The future of pharmacoeconomics lies in developing both trial-based and modeling studies, improving their credibility, and meeting the needs of decision makers.
在新挑战的背景下，将讨论药物经济学的科学、实践及未来所面临的问题。已观察到已发表的药物经济学研究存在某些方法学上的弱点，并且在开发“理想”方法与使研究保持可行性之间需要做出妥协。目标是在基于临床试验的研究和预测模型之间取得平衡；试验具有高内部效度但低外部效度，而模型有助于探索与现实生活环境的相关性。跨国差异也对药物经济学数据有重要影响；然而，使用一些基本的标准化指南，药物经济学研究的结果可能会推广到其他环境。英国决策者对药物经济学结果的使用受到其职权范围内优先级不明确以及可靠研究可用性有限的限制。药物经济学的未来在于开展基于试验和建模的研究，提高其可信度，并满足决策者的需求。
