Besser J M, Giesy J P, Brown R W, Buell J M, Dawson G A
National Biological Service, Midwest Science Center, Columbia, Missouri 65201, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1996 Oct;35(1):7-15. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1996.0076.
Bioaccumulation of selenium (Se) in the fish community of Pigeon River/Pigeon Lake, which receives inputs of Se from a coal fly ash disposal facility, was studied to assess potential hazards of Se to fish, wildlife, and humans. Se concentrations in fish from sites receiving seepage and effluents from fly ash disposal ponds were significantly greater than those in fish from upstream, where Se concentrations were near background concentrations. Se concentrations differed among fish species, and interspecific variation was greatest at the most contaminated locations. Differences in Se bioaccumulation among fish species were not consistently associated with differences in trophic status. Although Se concentrations in northern pike were consistently less than those in likely prey species, large yellow perch contained Se concentrations as great as those in spottail shiners, their likely prey. Se bioaccumulation may have been influenced by differences in habitat preferences, as limnetic species generally contained greater Se concentrations than benthic species. Se concentrations in fish from the lower Pigeon River and Pigeon Lake did not exceed lowest observable adverse effect concentrations (LOAECs) for Se in tissues of fish species, but exceeded LOAECs for dietary Se exposure of sensitive species of birds and mammals. Human consumption of moderate quantities of fish from the areas studied should not result in excessive Se intake.
鸽子河/鸽子湖的鱼类群落中硒（Se）的生物累积情况被进行了研究，该区域接收来自一个粉煤灰处置设施的硒输入，目的是评估硒对鱼类、野生动物和人类的潜在危害。来自接收粉煤灰处置池塘渗流和废水的地点的鱼类体内的硒浓度显著高于上游鱼类的硒浓度，上游的硒浓度接近背景浓度。不同鱼类物种的硒浓度存在差异，在污染最严重的地点种间差异最大。鱼类物种间硒生物累积的差异与营养状态的差异并不始终相关。尽管白斑狗鱼体内的硒浓度始终低于其可能的猎物物种，但大口鲈体内的硒浓度与它们可能的猎物细纹鳟体内的硒浓度一样高。硒生物累积可能受到栖息地偏好差异的影响，因为敞水区物种体内的硒浓度通常高于底栖物种。鸽子河下游和鸽子湖鱼类体内的硒浓度未超过鱼类物种组织中硒的最低可观察到有害效应浓度（LOAECs），但超过了敏感鸟类和哺乳动物膳食硒暴露的LOAECs。人类食用研究区域内适量的鱼类不应导致硒摄入过量。
