Hamilton C D, Glousman R E, Jobe F W, Brault J, Pink M, Perry J
Biomechanics Laboratory, Centinela Hospital Medical Center, Inglewood, CA 90301, USA.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1996 Sep-Oct;5(5):347-54. doi: 10.1016/s1058-2746(96)80065-6.
The medical collateral ligament is a common site of injury in baseball pitchers, causing substantial morbidity and loss of pitching time. Twenty-six skilled baseball pitchers with medial collateral ligament insufficiency were studied before surgery with high-speed cinematography and fine-wire electromyography of eight muscles around the elbow. Data from the pitchers with injured elbows were compared with data obtained from uninjured pitchers. The flexor carpi radialis muscle in the pitchers with medial collateral ligament deficiencies revealed significantly decreased firing during the acceleration and deceleration phase of the fastball when compared with that of the pitchers with normal elbows, and the flexor carpi radialis muscle was significantly depressed during the early cocking and deceleration phases. The extensor muscles revealed slightly increased activity in the injured elbows; however, this was not statistically significant. Although the muscles of the flexor pronator group (especially the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and the flexor digitorum superficialis muscles) are anatomically positioned to provide dynamic stability of the elbow, they did not demonstrate increased electrical activity in pitchers with medial collateral ligament deficiencies. This finding suggests that the muscles on the medial side of the elbow do not supplant the role of the medial collateral ligament during the fastball pitch.
内侧副韧带是棒球投手常见的损伤部位，会导致严重的发病率和投球时间的损失。对26名患有内侧副韧带功能不全的熟练棒球投手在手术前进行了研究，采用高速摄影和对肘部周围八块肌肉进行细针肌电图检查。将肘部受伤投手的数据与未受伤投手的数据进行比较。与肘部正常的投手相比，内侧副韧带缺陷的投手中桡侧腕屈肌在快球加速和减速阶段的放电明显减少，并且在早期曲肘和减速阶段桡侧腕屈肌明显受抑制。伸肌在受伤肘部的活动略有增加；然而，这在统计学上并不显著。尽管旋前屈肌组的肌肉（尤其是尺侧腕屈肌和指浅屈肌）在解剖学上的位置能够为肘部提供动态稳定性，但在患有内侧副韧带缺陷的投手中它们并未表现出电活动增加。这一发现表明，在投快球时肘部内侧的肌肉并不能替代内侧副韧带的作用。
