Dryden M W, Reid B L
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 1996 Apr;89(2):421-7. doi: 10.1093/jee/89.2.421.
Studies were conducted to investigate what protective nature the cocoon and nylon carpeting has against the performance of insecticides directed at cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché), pupae developing in carpet. The following 5 combinations of life stages and substrates were used in these tests were: (1) larvae that pupated in carpet, (2) cocoons placed in carpet, (3) naked pupae placed in carpet, (4) cocoons placed on filter paper, and (5) naked pupae placed on filter paper. These studies evaluated the performance of chlorpyrifos, microencapsulated chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, permethrin, and linalool. When averaged over all insecticides, the mean controls of cocooned pupae placed in carpet and cocooned pupae placed on filter paper were 37.2 and 26.7%, respectively, whereas that of naked pupae placed in carpet was only 13.7%. Additional tests conducted using chlorpyrifos revealed that mortality was 23 and 42% higher, respectively, whenever pupae in cocoons and naked pupae were treated in glass dishes without filter paper. These studies demonstrate that the debri-coated cocoon is not a barrier to insecticide penetration, and that pupae appeared to be protected inside the carpet matrix. Additional studies demonstrated that control of pupae developing in carpet was maximized at lower application pressures. The mean control of pupae with chlorpyrifos at 0.7 kg/cm2 pressure was 77.2%, yet applications at 1.7 kg/cm2 resulted in only 23.3% control.
开展了多项研究，以调查茧和尼龙地毯对针对猫栉首蚤（Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché)）在地毯中发育的蛹所使用杀虫剂的防护性质。在这些试验中使用了以下5种生命阶段和基质的组合：（1）在地毯中化蛹的幼虫，（2）放置在地毯中的茧，（3）放置在地毯中的裸蛹，（4）放置在滤纸上的茧，以及（5）放置在滤纸上的裸蛹。这些研究评估了毒死蜱、微囊化毒死蜱、丙溴磷、氯菊酯和芳樟醇的性能。当对所有杀虫剂进行平均计算时，放置在地毯中的带茧蛹和放置在滤纸上的带茧蛹的平均防治率分别为37.2%和26.7%，而放置在地毯中的裸蛹的平均防治率仅为13.7%。使用毒死蜱进行的额外试验表明，每当在没有滤纸的玻璃培养皿中处理带茧蛹和裸蛹时，死亡率分别高出23%和42%。这些研究表明，有碎屑包裹的茧不是杀虫剂渗透的障碍，并且蛹似乎在地毯基质中受到保护。额外的研究表明，在较低的施药压力下，对在地毯中发育的蛹的防治效果最佳。在0.7 kg/cm2压力下使用毒死蜱对蛹的平均防治率为77.2%，而在1.7 kg/cm2压力下施药，防治率仅为23.3%。
