Panella N M
Bolling Memorial Medical Library, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York 10025, USA.
Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1996 Jan;84(1):52-62.
The patients' library movement in the United States, a dynamic, cohesive drive begun and sustained by librarians and physicians, strove to promote placement of organized libraries for patients in hospitals. It took shape in the early years of this century, evolving from its proponents' deeply held conviction that books and reading foster the rehabilitation of sick people. The American Library Association's World War I service to hospitalized military personnel dramatically reinforced the conviction; the post-World War I institution of public library extension services to general hospitals explicitly reflected it. Enormous energy was infused into the patients' library movement. Throughout the first half of this century, there were sustained efforts not only to establish organized libraries for hospitalized people but also to expand and systematically study bibliotherapy and to shape patients' librarianship as a professional specialty. The movement's achievements include the establishment of patients' library committees within national and international associations; impetus for development of academic programs to train patients' librarians; and publication, from 1944 through 1970, of successive sets of standards for hospital patients' libraries. The first of these remain the first standards written and issued by a professional library association for a hospital library.
美国的患者图书馆运动是由图书馆员和医生发起并持续推动的一项充满活力、团结一致的活动，旨在促进医院为患者设立有组织的图书馆。它形成于本世纪初，源于其支持者深信书籍和阅读有助于病人康复。美国图书馆协会在第一次世界大战期间为住院军人提供的服务极大地强化了这一信念；第一次世界大战后向综合医院推广公共图书馆服务的举措明确体现了这一点。患者图书馆运动注入了巨大的活力。在本世纪上半叶，人们不仅持续努力为住院患者建立有组织的图书馆，还致力于扩大并系统研究阅读疗法，并将患者图书馆管理发展成为一个专业领域。该运动的成果包括在国家和国际协会中设立患者图书馆委员会；推动开展培训患者图书馆员的学术项目；以及在1944年至1970年间相继发布了几套医院患者图书馆标准。其中第一套标准至今仍是专业图书馆协会为医院图书馆编写和发布的首批标准。
