Paradowska E, Błach-Olszewska Z, Sender J, Jarosz W
Laboratory of Virology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Worcław, Poland.
J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1996 Nov;16(11):941-8. doi: 10.1089/jir.1996.16.941.
The antiviral immunity of human placenta and amniotic membrane in an organ culture (OC) system was studied. Freshly isolated explants of most of the placentas at term and the amniotic membranes were found to be relatively resistant to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infections. After in vitro aging, however, the OC acquired the sensitivity to the viruses. In about 66%-90% of placentas, resistance of freshly isolated explants to the infection was observed. This indicates that the placentas displayed a constitutive immunity against the viruses. To study the role of endogenous cytokines in antiviral immunity, we added specific antibodies neutralizing IFN and TNF activities to VSV-infected OC and checked their influence on viral replication. Increases of 10-fold to 100-fold of VSV replication in the OC treated with anti-TNF-alpha, anti-IFN-alpha, anti-IFN-gamma or anti-IFN-beta sera were observed. The results indicate the importance of the endogenous cytokines in placental and amniotic membrane immunity. However, we did not observe a simple correlation between the spontaneous IFN and TNF production and the level of resistance against viruses. In view of the results, the participation of TNF and IFN in the constitutively expressed immunity of human placenta is of a more complex nature.
研究了人体胎盘和羊膜在器官培养（OC）系统中的抗病毒免疫。发现大多数足月胎盘和羊膜的新鲜分离外植体对单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）、脑心肌炎病毒（EMCV）和水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）感染具有相对抗性。然而，体外老化后，OC对这些病毒获得了敏感性。在约66%-90%的胎盘中，观察到新鲜分离外植体对感染具有抗性。这表明胎盘对这些病毒表现出组成性免疫。为了研究内源性细胞因子在抗病毒免疫中的作用，我们向感染VSV的OC中添加了中和IFN和TNF活性的特异性抗体，并检查它们对病毒复制的影响。在用抗TNF-α、抗IFN-α、抗IFN-γ或抗IFN-β血清处理的OC中，观察到VSV复制增加了10倍至100倍。结果表明内源性细胞因子在胎盘和羊膜免疫中的重要性。然而，我们没有观察到自发产生的IFN和TNF与抗病毒水平之间存在简单的相关性。鉴于这些结果，TNF和IFN参与人体胎盘组成性表达免疫的性质更为复杂。
