Phillips V M, Smuts N A
Department of Oral Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Forensic Sci Int. 1996 Nov 11;83(1):51-9. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(96)02010-5.
Reconstruction of human faces on skeletal remains is dependent on the facial tissue thickness measurements most of which have been derived from cadaver material using the needle probe technique. Dehydration of soft tissue after death casts doubt on the efficacy of these measurements. No study exists in which the facial tissues of a mixed population group in South Africa have been measured. The utilization of computerized tomography to measure facial tissue thickness as an adjunct to scans for facial sinus disease was employed and allowed the measurement of the thickness of facial soft tissues according to Rhine and Campbell (J. Forensic Sci. 1980: 25; 847-858). The sample consisted of 32 patients, 16 M and 16 F, age range 12 to 71 years. Comparison between the facial tissue thickness of American whites and blacks with South Africans of mixed racial origin showed marked differences in certain anatomical areas. The faces of the blacks were thicker in most areas, those of the whites were thicker in the forehead and periocular area, but thinner in the perioral and gonial areas. It is concluded that the use of the computerized tomography scanning procedure to measure soft tissue depth is more accurate than the needle probe technique. The results obtained from this study are therefore representative of the variation in facial tissue thickness of South Africans of mixed racial origin for facial reconstruction purposes.
在骨骼遗骸上重建人脸取决于面部组织厚度测量，其中大部分测量数据是通过针探针技术从尸体材料中获取的。死后软组织脱水使人怀疑这些测量的有效性。目前还没有关于测量南非混合人群面部组织的研究。本研究采用计算机断层扫描测量面部组织厚度，作为面部鼻窦疾病扫描的辅助手段，并根据莱茵和坎贝尔的方法（《法医学杂志》1980年；25卷；847 - 858页）测量面部软组织厚度。样本包括32名患者，16名男性和16名女性，年龄范围为12至71岁。美国白人和黑人与南非混血人种的面部组织厚度比较显示，在某些解剖区域存在显著差异。黑人的面部在大多数区域较厚，白人的面部在前额和眼周区域较厚，但在口周和下颌角区域较薄。研究得出结论，使用计算机断层扫描程序测量软组织深度比针探针技术更准确。因此，本研究获得的结果代表了南非混血人种用于面部重建的面部组织厚度变化情况。
