YORKS TP, WEST NE, MUELLER RJ, WARREN SD
High Level Research1251 Mountain View DriveSmithfield, Utah 84335, USA
Environ Manage. 1997 Jan;21(1):121-31. doi: 10.1007/s002679900011.
/ An exhaustive search of the literature for foot and vehicle traffic impacts on vegetation has yielded more than 400 citations, two thirds of which held sufficient detail to be usefully distilled into a personal-computer data base. A total of 1444 individual observations involving 737 species that were trampled are included. Compromises were made in the depth of entry detail and to allow comparability among data. Inconsistent, generally short-term, experimental practices disallowed formal statistical analyses. Within those constraints, graminoids emerged with the highest mean resistance and resilience among life-forms. Climbers and cactoids ranked lowest in these categories. The herbaceous, typically broader-leaved (forb) life-form appeared most likely to suffer immediate losses. Shrubs and trees had the longest-lasting decreases in diversity following traffic impact. All life-forms had sensitive species. The greatest general species and individual plant losses take place in the first few passes by feet, wheels, or tracks. Plant and soil damage increases with the amount of weight and power applied. Greater soil moisture and/or deeper overstory shading magnify those impacts. Additional precepts may become apparent to data-base users through increased ease in making comparisons.KEY WORDS: Vegetation; Trampling; Vehicles; Traffic; Resistance; Resilience; Data base
对有关足部和车辆交通对植被影响的文献进行全面检索，已得到400多条引用文献，其中三分之二包含足够的细节，可有效地提炼到个人计算机数据库中。总共包括涉及737种被践踏物种的1444个单独观测数据。在录入细节的深度方面做出了妥协，以确保数据之间的可比性。不一致的、通常是短期的实验做法不允许进行正式的统计分析。在这些限制条件下，禾本科植物在各生命形式中表现出最高的平均抗性和恢复力。藤本植物和仙人掌类植物在这些类别中排名最低。草本植物，通常是阔叶（非禾本科）生命形式，似乎最容易遭受直接损失。灌木和树木在交通影响后多样性下降持续的时间最长。所有生命形式都有敏感物种。在最初几次被脚、车轮或履带经过时，物种和单株植物的总体损失最大。植物和土壤损伤随着施加的重量和动力的增加而增加。土壤湿度增加和/或上层林冠遮荫加深会放大这些影响。随着比较变得更加容易，数据库用户可能会发现更多规律。关键词：植被；践踏；车辆；交通；抗性；恢复力；数据库
