Fisher J E, Acuff-Smith K D, Schilling M A, Meyer R A, Smith N B, Moran M S, O'Brien W D, Vorhees C V
Division of Developmental Biology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
Teratology. 1996 Aug;54(2):65-72. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(199606)54:2<65::AID-TERA2>3.0.CO;2-3.
The present experiment examined the developmental neurotoxicity of pulsed-wave (pw) ultrasound in rats, using an exposure system designed to eliminate restraint or anesthesia from the exposure conditions. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley CD rats trained to remain immobile in a water-filled ultrasound exposure tank were scanned with 3-MHz pw ultrasound at spatial peak temporal average intensities (ISPTA) of 0, 2, 20, or 30 W/cm2 on embryonic days 4-20 for approximately 10 min/day. The data showed that such insonation produced no adverse effects on maternal weight gain or reproductive outcome, nor on the postnatal growth or survival of the offspring. No exposure-related alterations in behavioral development were observed in the offspring of rats scanned with pw ultrasound during gestation. In addition, there was no consistent evidence of an ultrasound-associated change in the adult offspring behaviors tested; i.e., no treatment effects were found on measures of locomotor activity, water maze learning, and acoustic startle reactivity. An effect on tactile startle was observed on some trials in the low exposure group male offspring, but this effect was neither dose dependent nor consistent with any other finding. Overall, these results indicate that the neurobehavioral development of rats was not altered by prenatal exposure to pw ultrasound at ISPTA levels of up to 30 W/cm2.
本实验使用一种旨在消除暴露条件下的束缚或麻醉的暴露系统，研究了脉冲波（pw）超声对大鼠的发育神经毒性。将经过训练能在充满水的超声暴露槽中保持不动的怀孕斯普拉格-道利CD大鼠，在胚胎第4至20天，用3兆赫的pw超声以空间峰值时间平均强度（ISPTA）为0、2、20或30瓦/平方厘米进行扫描，每天约10分钟。数据表明，这种超声照射对母体体重增加或生殖结果、对后代的出生后生长或存活均未产生不良影响。在孕期接受pw超声扫描的大鼠后代中，未观察到与暴露相关的行为发育改变。此外，在所测试的成年后代行为中，没有一致的证据表明存在与超声相关的变化；即，在运动活动、水迷宫学习和听觉惊吓反应的测量中未发现治疗效果。在低暴露组雄性后代的一些试验中观察到对触觉惊吓有影响，但这种影响既不依赖剂量，也与任何其他发现不一致。总体而言，这些结果表明，产前暴露于高达30瓦/平方厘米的ISPTA水平的pw超声不会改变大鼠的神经行为发育。
