Dap F, Voche P, Merle M
Service de Chirurgie Plastique et Reconstructrice de l'appareil locomoteur, Hôpital Jeanne d'Arc, CHU Nancy, Dommartin-Les-Toul.
Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 1996 Jun;41(3):240-50.
Dorsal skin defects of proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) of fingers are a common situation in hand surgery. Skin grafting is contraindicated in the absence of extensor peritendon. The choice of flap depends on the site and surface area of the skin defect and the injuries of adjacent digits. Homodigital flaps, such as Smith's sliding flap, advancement-rotation or advancement-recession flaps and dorsal V-Y advancement flap, are the first choices for small defects. In case of larger dorsal skin defects, flaps must be raised on the dorsal aspect of the hand, such as reverse dorsal metacarpal flaps, distally based dorsal hand flaps and dorsocommisural flaps. Cross-finger flaps are only used when the previous options are not feasible. Descriptions of the dorsal vascular network have led to the loss of indications for venous flaps, with the exception of the Tsai's venous free flap. In case of multidigital dorsal skin defect, flaps, such as radial forearm flap, pediculed groin flap or free lateral arm flap, used for temporary syndactylisation of the fingers.
手指近节指间关节(PIP)背侧皮肤缺损是手外科的常见情况。在没有伸肌腱周组织时,禁忌进行皮肤移植。皮瓣的选择取决于皮肤缺损的部位和面积以及相邻手指的损伤情况。同指皮瓣,如史密斯滑动皮瓣、推进旋转或推进后退皮瓣以及背侧V-Y推进皮瓣,是小面积缺损的首选。对于较大的背侧皮肤缺损,必须在手背侧掀起皮瓣,如逆行掌背皮瓣、远端蒂手背皮瓣和背侧联合皮瓣。只有当前述选择不可行时才使用邻指皮瓣。对背侧血管网的描述导致静脉皮瓣适应证的丧失,但蔡氏游离静脉皮瓣除外。对于多指背侧皮肤缺损,可使用桡动脉前臂皮瓣、带蒂腹股沟皮瓣或游离侧臂皮瓣等皮瓣对手指进行临时并指。