Leydhecker W
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1977 May;170(5):679-84.
A single tonometry observation is not very relevant due to considerable interobserver variations which are also found in applanation tonometry. Furthermore, the intraocular decreases by repeated applanation tonometry and intra-ocular pressure that change for as much as 8 mm Hg in 1 minute has been found in continous pressure recordings. There are in addition diurnal pressure variations and pressure alterations with the position of the body. Therefore, the diurnal pressure curve is much more important than the single tonometric value. The prognosis and also the decision to start medical treatment depends upon the height of the pressure, the family history diabetes, vasoclerosis, low blood pressure, heart insufficiency, age, disease of the carotid artery, anemia, the size of the excavation, the condition of the visual field, the reliability of the patient and the pressure lowering effects of pilocarpine, which can be very different individually. Rarely pressures of 26 mm Hg or more can be left untreated. If unfavourable factors are combined, even in pressures of 20 mm Hg it should be tested if pilocarpin lowers the intra-ocular pressure considerably. There is no magic number of pressure where treatment has to be started.
由于在压平眼压测量中也存在显著的观察者间差异，单次眼压测量结果的相关性不是很强。此外，连续眼压记录发现，重复进行压平眼压测量时眼压会下降，眼压在1分钟内变化可达8毫米汞柱。另外，还存在昼夜眼压变化以及体位改变引起的眼压变化。因此，昼夜眼压曲线比单次眼压测量值重要得多。预后以及是否开始药物治疗的决定取决于眼压高度、糖尿病家族史、血管硬化、低血压、心脏功能不全、年龄、颈动脉疾病、贫血、视盘凹陷大小、视野状况、患者的可靠性以及毛果芸香碱的降压效果，而这些个体差异可能非常大。很少有26毫米汞柱或更高的眼压可以不治疗。如果存在多种不利因素，即使眼压为20毫米汞柱，也应检测毛果芸香碱是否能显著降低眼压。并没有一个必须开始治疗的神奇眼压数值。
