Reilly J T, Vellenga E, De Wolff J T
Department of Haematology, Northern General Hospital Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1996 Sep;22 Suppl 1:143-8. doi: 10.3109/10428199609074372.
Recent studies have shown rIFN alpha to be an effective agent in the management of polycythemia vera. Red cell mass can be controlled within 6 to 12 months, eliminating the need for phlebotomy in up to 70% of cases. In addition, significant improvement in the platelet counts, iron status, pruritus scores and the degree of splenomegaly have been reported. Most patients require between 9 and 25 x 10(6)U/week, although once the disease is under control it may be possible to reduce both the dose and frequency of administration. Side-effects remain a significant problem, occurring in over 30% of patients, and may be related to the high mean age of the patients. Long-term studies are now indicated to determine if the natural history of the disease is altered and whether, in particular, the incidence of myelofibrosis and/or leukaemic transformation is reduced.
近期研究表明，重组干扰素α是治疗真性红细胞增多症的有效药物。红细胞量可在6至12个月内得到控制，高达70%的病例无需进行放血治疗。此外，有报告称血小板计数、铁状态、瘙痒评分及脾肿大程度均有显著改善。大多数患者每周需要9至25×10(6)U的剂量，不过一旦病情得到控制，可能可以减少剂量和给药频率。副作用仍是一个重大问题，超过30%的患者会出现，这可能与患者的平均年龄较高有关。现在需要进行长期研究，以确定疾病的自然病程是否改变，特别是骨髓纤维化和/或白血病转化的发生率是否降低。
