Lifshitz E I
Rutgers University Student Health Services, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
J Am Coll Health. 1996 Nov;45(3):99-105. doi: 10.1080/07448481.1996.9936869.
Endogenously contracted typhoid fever has decreased dramatically in the industrialized world. A practicing physician may not see a case in a lifetime, but health professionals should not allow typhoid to recede from their consciousness. Typhoid is still endemic in much of the developing world, and as travel increases, illnesses can and do skip around the world in a day. College students are at particular risk because they often travel on a low budget for extended periods, mix freely with local populations in endemic regions, and are not aware of the risks of such travel. College health professionals need to be able to recognize typhoid fever, should it present, and give advice to patients on primary prevention. The author includes a case presentation that is not completely classical for typhoid fever, as well as a state-of-the-art review, including description, epidemiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Special attention is given to the question of who should be immunized and which vaccines are effective.
在工业化国家，内源性感染的伤寒热已大幅减少。一名执业医师一生中可能都见不到一例，但卫生专业人员不应让伤寒从他们的意识中消失。伤寒在许多发展中国家仍然流行，而且随着旅行的增加，疾病能够而且确实会在一天之内传遍全球。大学生尤其面临风险，因为他们经常预算有限地长时间旅行，在流行地区与当地人群自由交往，并且没有意识到此类旅行的风险。大学卫生专业人员需要能够识别可能出现的伤寒热，并就一级预防向患者提供建议。作者介绍了一个并非完全典型的伤寒热病例，以及一篇最新综述，内容包括描述、流行病学、体征和症状、诊断、治疗及预防。特别关注了哪些人应该接种疫苗以及哪些疫苗有效的问题。
