Ormerod J G, Kimble L K, Nesbakken T, Torgersen Y A, Woese C R, Madigan M T
Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Norway.
Arch Microbiol. 1996 Apr;165(4):226-34. doi: 10.1007/s002030050320.
Two new taxa of phototrophic heliobacteria are described: Heliobacterium gestii sp. nov. and Heliophilum fasciatum gen. nov. sp. nov. Both organisms were isolated from dry paddy soils. Cells of H. gestii were motile spirilla; cells of H. fasciatum formed cell bundles that were motile as units. Both organisms produced endospores; H. gestii endospores contained dipicolinic acid and elevated levels of calcium. As with other heliobacteria, bacteriochlorophyll g was produced in both organisms and no intracytoplasmic photosynthetic membranes were observed. Growth of H. gestii and H. fasciatum occurred under both photoheterotrophic and chemotrophic conditions; nitrogen fixation also occurred in both organisms. H. gestii and H. fasciatium showed a phylogenetic relationship to the "low GC" line of gram-positive Bacteria, but H. fasciatum was distinct from H. gestii and all other heliobacteria. The ability of H. gestii and H. fasciatum to form endospores might be a significant ecological advantage for survival in their rice soil habitat.
Gestii嗜盐杆菌新种和束状嗜盐菌新属新种。这两种微生物均从干燥稻田土壤中分离得到。Gestii嗜盐杆菌的细胞为运动性螺旋菌；束状嗜盐菌的细胞形成细胞束，作为一个整体进行运动。两种微生物均产生芽孢；Gestii嗜盐杆菌的芽孢含有吡啶二羧酸和高水平的钙。与其他嗜盐菌一样，两种微生物均产生细菌叶绿素g，且未观察到胞内光合膜。Gestii嗜盐杆菌和束状嗜盐菌在光异养和化养条件下均能生长；两种微生物也都能进行固氮作用。Gestii嗜盐杆菌和束状嗜盐菌与革兰氏阳性菌的“低GC”谱系存在系统发育关系，但束状嗜盐菌与Gestii嗜盐杆菌及所有其他嗜盐菌不同。Gestii嗜盐杆菌和束状嗜盐菌形成芽孢的能力可能是它们在稻田土壤生境中生存的一项重要生态优势。
