Nemeth S C
J Ophthalmic Nurs Technol. 1996 Jul-Aug;15(4):134-41.
Get the patient comfortable in the chin rest by manipulating the machine distance, elevation of the chair, and correct angling of the machine to the patient. Elderly patients need time and assistance to get positioned. Make sure they are elevated enough to get their foreheads against the headrest with comfort, or they will tend to easily drift backward during the exam, and your focusing power will be inaccurate. A little time taken positioning the patient can mean a more expedient and efficient exam. Align the eye marker on the headrest to the lateral canthus of the eye. Always speak calmly and logically to your patient. As soon as you have positioned the patient's chin on the rest, tell the patient to look at your right ear when examining the patient's right eye, and vice versa. The patient needs something to concentrate on as soon as positioned. Practice makes perfect. If you can visualize the three main components that make up the slit lamp--the head and chin rest for the patient, the microscope, and a housing for the illumination and the diaphragm controls--the machine becomes less overwhelming and better understood. Utilizing the biomicroscope effectively can allow great views of the dynamics in ocular anatomy and physiology.
通过调整仪器距离、椅子高度以及仪器与患者的正确角度，让患者在颏托上舒适就座。老年患者需要时间和协助来完成定位。确保他们坐得足够高，能舒适地将额头靠在头枕上，否则在检查过程中他们容易向后仰，导致你的聚焦能力不准确。花一点时间为患者定位，可能意味着检查会更便捷高效。将头枕上的眼部标记对准眼睛的外眦。始终用平静且有条理的语气与患者交谈。一旦你将患者的下巴放在颏托上，检查患者右眼时，告诉患者看你的右耳，反之亦然。患者一旦就座就需要有东西集中注意力。熟能生巧。如果你能想象构成裂隙灯的三个主要部件——患者的头和颏托、显微镜以及照明和光圈控制装置的外壳——仪器就不会那么让人望而生畏，也更容易理解。有效使用生物显微镜可以很好地观察眼部解剖学和生理学中的动态变化。
