Hall G, Habbits P
Department of Psychology, University of York, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1996 Nov;35(4):595-604. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1996.tb01215.x.
The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ; Raine, 1991) was administered to 100 volunteer undergraduates; the 20 with the highest and the 20 with the lowest scores were selected for further study. They undertook a shadowing task in which two passages of prose were presented simultaneously and binaurally, being distinguishable only by their content. Participants were required to repeat (shadow) one of the passages and to ignore the other (the distractor). Performance of the two groups differed with participants having high scores on the SPQ showing a significantly greater tendency to make intrusion errors (to repeat words from the distractor passage). It is suggested that schizotypy is characterized by a dysfunction in the normal response-selection mechanism of attention with the consequence that the response bias established by the semantic content of the input is insufficiently selective, extending to items that are only distantly associated with those present in the input.
对100名本科志愿者施测分裂型人格问卷（SPQ；雷恩，1991）；选取得分最高的20名和得分最低的20名进行进一步研究。他们进行了一项跟读任务，其中两段散文同时以双耳方式呈现，仅通过内容可区分。要求参与者重复（跟读）其中一段，而忽略另一段（干扰段）。两组参与者的表现有所不同，SPQ得分高的参与者出现侵入性错误（重复干扰段中的单词）的倾向明显更大。研究表明，分裂型人格的特征是注意力的正常反应选择机制功能失调，结果是由输入语义内容建立的反应偏差选择性不足，扩展到与输入中呈现的内容仅有间接关联的项目。
