Pincus S H
Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717-3520, USA.
Antiviral Res. 1996 Dec;33(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/s0166-3542(96)00995-3.
In vitro analyses have shown anti-HIV immunotoxins to be among the most effective AIDS antivirals tested. Because HIV has been continually selected by antibody, immunotoxins targeted to constant domains of viral antigens may not elicit drug-resistant mutants. A clinical trial with CD4-PE40, a possibly flawed immunotoxin with nonspecific toxicity and short serum half-life, has reduced interest in this form of therapy. It is proposed that the use of an immunotoxin directed against gp41 in combination with a CD4-Ig chimera is more likely to have a therapeutic effect than CD4-PE40. Clinical trials are also underway utilizing an immunotoxin that eliminates activated T-cells, an important cellular locus of HIV-replication.
体外分析表明，抗HIV免疫毒素是所测试的最有效的艾滋病抗病毒药物之一。由于HIV一直受到抗体的持续筛选，靶向病毒抗原恒定结构域的免疫毒素可能不会引发耐药突变体。一项使用CD4-PE40的临床试验，这种可能存在缺陷、具有非特异性毒性且血清半衰期短的免疫毒素，降低了人们对这种治疗形式的兴趣。有人提出，使用针对gp41的免疫毒素与CD4-Ig嵌合体联合使用比CD4-PE40更有可能产生治疗效果。利用一种能消除活化T细胞（HIV复制的重要细胞位点）的免疫毒素的临床试验也正在进行。
