Herold A, Bruch H P
Klinik für Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck.
Zentralbl Chir. 1996;121(8):632-8.
The complex function of the anal sphincter is established by different functional compartments. Additionally a wide range of incontinence therapies-surgical and conservative-are possible. Therefore a differentiated diagnostic procedure is necessary to indicate the optimal, individual therapy: symptom-orientated step-by-step incontinence diagnostic program. This starts with a basic coloproctological evaluation using patient's history, continence scores, inspection, palpation, proctoscopy and rectoscopy. Functional and morphological evaluation is done by anorectal manometry, endosonography and neurologic procedures. Only in special cases the following procedures are necessary in addition: defecography, transit-time studies, magnetic resonance imaging, colonoscopy, gynecological and urological diagnostics.
肛门括约肌的复杂功能由不同的功能区建立。此外，有多种失禁治疗方法——手术治疗和保守治疗。因此，需要进行差异化的诊断程序以确定最佳的个体化治疗方案：以症状为导向的逐步失禁诊断程序。这始于使用患者病史、失禁评分、检查、触诊、直肠镜检查和乙状结肠镜检查进行基本的结肠直肠评估。通过肛门直肠测压、腔内超声检查和神经学检查进行功能和形态学评估。仅在特殊情况下，还需要进行以下检查：排粪造影、传输时间研究、磁共振成像、结肠镜检查、妇科和泌尿科诊断。
