Ohta M, Obayashi H, Takahashi K, Kitagawa Y, Nakano K, Matsuo S, Nishimura M, Itoh N, Ohta K
Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
Clin Chem. 1996 Dec;42(12):1975-8.
We evaluated a new, commercially developed radioimmunoprecipitation assay for measuring glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies by using recombinant human GAD65. The intra- and interassay CVs were 8.0% (n = 20) and 8.6% (n = 15), respectively. We found GAD antibodies in 74% (23 of 31; 95% confidence interval 55-88%), 70% (14 of 20; 46-88%), and 65% (28 of 43; 49-79%) of patients at, respectively, < or = 1 year, 1-2 years, and 2-4 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 30% (30 of 99; 21-40%) of patients with long-term diabetes (4-22 years). We also detected GAD antibodies in 8% (9 of 106; 4-16%) of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The frequency of GAD antibodies in the NIDDM group was markedly higher in the insulin-deficient patients [67% (6 of 9; 30-93%)], who initially were nonketotic and non-insulin-dependent for > or = 6 months but later became insulin dependent, than in the non-insulin-deficient patients [3% (3 of 97; 1-9%)]. This new commercial assay is easy to use and provides a specific and sensitive method for evaluating GAD antibodies in IDDM.
我们使用重组人GAD65评估了一种新的、商业开发的用于测量谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）抗体的放射免疫沉淀测定法。批内和批间变异系数分别为8.0%（n = 20）和8.6%（n = 15）。我们发现，在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）发病后≤1年、1 - 2年和2 - 4年的患者中，分别有74%（31例中的23例；95%置信区间55 - 88%）、70%（20例中的14例；46 - 88%）和65%（43例中的28例；49 - 79%）检测到GAD抗体，在长期糖尿病（4 - 22年）患者中有30%（99例中的30例；21 - 40%）检测到。我们还在8%（106例中的9例；4 - 16%）的非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）患者中检测到GAD抗体。NIDDM组中，最初非酮症且非胰岛素依赖≥6个月但后来转为胰岛素依赖的胰岛素缺乏患者[67%（9例中的6例；30 - 93%）]的GAD抗体频率明显高于非胰岛素缺乏患者[3%（97例中的3例；1 - 9%）]。这种新的商业测定法易于使用，为评估IDDM患者的GAD抗体提供了一种特异且灵敏的方法。
