Tuchman R F
Departamento de Neurología, Miami Children's Hospital, Florida 33155, USA.
Rev Neurol. 1996 Nov;24(135):1446-50.
The pervasive disorders of development (TPD) or disorders within the spectrum of autism (TEA) are two terms which are often used to describe a well-defined group of behaviour disorders characterized by changes in social interaction and language communication together with repetitive behaviour patterns. This group of disorders has multiple etiologies and the clinical manifestations vary in severity. In this study the incidence of a selected group of neurological changes and neurodiagnostic tests in 421 children with TDP is analyzed. 11% of the children had genetic disorders such as chromosomial disorders, genetic syndromes and family incidence. 18% of the children had motor disorders with hypotonicity being the commonest (85%). 71% of the children were stereotyped. 59% of the children had cogniscitive functions which were appropriate, or nearly so, for their chronological age, 28% of the children had language regression. 13% had epileptic crises. The electroencephalogram and cerebral magnetic resonance were abnormal in 29% and 19% respectively of the children on whom these tests were done.
广泛性发育障碍（TPD）或自闭症谱系障碍（TEA）是两个常被用来描述一组明确的行为障碍的术语，这些障碍的特征是社交互动和语言交流发生变化，同时伴有重复行为模式。这组障碍有多种病因，临床表现的严重程度也各不相同。在本研究中，分析了421名患有TPD的儿童中一组特定神经变化和神经诊断测试的发生率。11%的儿童患有遗传疾病，如染色体疾病、遗传综合征和家族发病率。18%的儿童患有运动障碍，其中肌张力减退最为常见（85%）。71%的儿童有刻板行为。59%的儿童的认知功能与其实际年龄相符或接近相符，28%的儿童有语言倒退。13%的儿童有癫痫发作。在进行这些测试的儿童中，脑电图和脑磁共振成像异常的分别占29%和19%。
