Nyquist O G
Division psykiatri, avdeling Veum Ostfold sentralsykehus.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Oct 10;116(24):2879-82.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a complication that may occur during treatment with neuroleptic drugs, or after abrupt cessation of dopaminagonists. Although the condition is relatively rare, it has a high mortality of about 20% when untreated. The first symptoms can appear the first day after initiation of treatment with neuroleptic drugs. The syndrome manifests itself in the form of a tetralogy composed of extrapyramidal symptoms, a change in the level of conciousness, elevated body temperature and autonomic instability. It is also associated with secondary laboratory findings such as increased creatine kinase and leucocyte count. Treatment includes stopping the neuroleptic drugs, application of dopaminagonists, benzodiazepines and fluid replacement. If the patient, after an episode of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, has a psychotic relapse, neuroleptica can be recommended after a break of one to four weeks. Two cases are described to demonstrate the picture.
抗精神病药恶性综合征是一种可能在使用抗精神病药物治疗期间或突然停用多巴胺激动剂后发生的并发症。虽然这种情况相对罕见，但未经治疗时死亡率高达约20%。最初症状可能在开始使用抗精神病药物治疗后的第一天出现。该综合征以由锥体外系症状、意识水平改变、体温升高和自主神经功能不稳定组成的四联症形式表现出来。它还与肌酸激酶升高和白细胞计数增加等实验室检查结果异常有关。治疗包括停用抗精神病药物、应用多巴胺激动剂、苯二氮䓬类药物和补液。如果患者在经历一次抗精神病药恶性综合征发作后出现精神病复发，可在一至四周的间隔期后推荐使用抗精神病药物。描述了两个病例以说明情况。
