Ishikawa Y, Tokunaga K
Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center.
Nihon Rinsho. 1996 Dec;54(12):3398-407.
HLA genes exhibit high degrees of polymorphism, and a total of about 400 alleles have been identified at HLA-A, B, C and DR loci up to now. A number of DNA-based typing methods using specific primers, specific probes or restriction enzymes have been developed. In HLA class II allele typing, a few methods which are simple in handling and able to determine the alleles automatically, have been available. We have recently developed PCR MPH (microtiter plate hybridization) method, and this method has been in use for routine typing of DRBI alleles. In HLA class I typing, however, DNA typing system suitable for routine typing laboratories has not been established yet, because the polymorphism spreads two exons intervened by an intron. Nevertheless, allele typing of some antigen groups such as A2 and B61 groups have been established using PCR MPH method.
HLA基因具有高度多态性，截至目前，在HLA - A、B、C和DR位点已鉴定出约400个等位基因。已经开发出多种基于DNA的分型方法，这些方法使用特异性引物、特异性探针或限制性内切酶。在HLA II类等位基因分型中，有一些操作简单且能自动确定等位基因的方法。我们最近开发了PCR MPH（微量滴定板杂交）方法，该方法已用于DRBI等位基因的常规分型。然而，在HLA I类分型中，由于多态性分布在由一个内含子隔开的两个外显子中，尚未建立适合常规分型实验室的DNA分型系统。尽管如此，使用PCR MPH方法已建立了一些抗原组如A2和B61组的等位基因分型。
