Mazières B
Service de rhumatologie, Hôpital de Rangueil, Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Toulouse.
Rev Prat. 1996 Nov 15;46(18):2193-200.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint can affect femoro-tibial as femoro-patellar compartments. It is a frequent and disabling location of the disease which may induce pain at motion and stiffness. Swelling of the knee is very frequent and synovial fluid is easy to puncture. Roentgenologically, the AP view, in standing position, with a 30 degree flexion is useful to depict mild narrowings of the femoro-tibial joint space. Knee is the main joint used for clinical trials in osteoarthritis because: 1. it is frequent location of the disease; 2. its handicap is relevant; 3. validated assessment criteria are available. As knee joint is superficial, femoro-tibial osteoarthritis may benefit by local treatments in addition to general usual management.
膝关节骨关节炎可累及股骨-胫骨和股骨-髌骨关节腔。这是该病常见且导致残疾的部位，可引起活动时疼痛和僵硬。膝关节肿胀非常常见，且关节液易于穿刺。在X线检查中，站立位、30度屈曲的前后位片有助于显示股骨-胫骨关节间隙的轻度变窄。膝关节是骨关节炎临床试验中主要使用的关节，原因如下：1. 它是该病的常见发病部位；2. 其致残性显著；3. 有经过验证的评估标准。由于膝关节表浅，除常规的综合治疗外，股骨-胫骨骨关节炎还可受益于局部治疗。
