Steindler D A, Kadrie T, Fillmore H, Thomas L B
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis College of Medicine 38163, USA.
Prog Brain Res. 1996;108:349-63.
From all of the studies of developmentally regulated molecules as well as the impressive proliferation of cells within the SEZ, we would like to propose that the SEZ of the adult brain, from the lateral ventricles of the cerebrum to the central canal of the spinal cord, represents a potential "brain marrow" from which stem and progenitor cells can be further studied and exploited for cell replacement and circuitry repair paradigms for neurological disease. Without question the SEZ is not as regenerative or pleuripotential as bone marrow or other hematopoietic systems, but there are definitely some elements in common. Bone marrow contains a pleuripotent stem cell that under certain conditions (e.g. the presence of certain growth factors and cytokines) gives rise to erythroblasts and myeloblasts whose progeny include erythrocytes, monocytes, thrombocytes and macrophages. Different growth factors can likewise affect the proliferation as well as differentiation of adult CNS stem and progenitor cells, again contributing to diverse cellular phenotypes. The roles for matrix molecules in these events are yet to be discovered, however, there is evidence to suggest that matrix molecules, including tenascin, do interact with hematopoietic stem cells (Yoder and Williams, 1995) to possibly affect their proliferation and differentiation. Future studies might reveal a similar role for the dense ECM expression within the SEZ proliferative/migratory pathway.
从所有关于发育调控分子的研究以及室管膜下区（SEZ）内细胞令人瞩目的增殖情况来看，我们提出，成人大脑的室管膜下区，从大脑侧脑室到脊髓中央管，代表了一种潜在的“脑髓”，从中可以进一步研究干细胞和祖细胞，并将其用于神经疾病的细胞替代和神经回路修复模式。毫无疑问，室管膜下区不像骨髓或其他造血系统那样具有再生能力或多能性，但肯定存在一些共同元素。骨髓含有一种多能干细胞，在某些条件下（如存在某些生长因子和细胞因子）会产生成红细胞和成髓细胞，其后代包括红细胞、单核细胞、血小板和巨噬细胞。同样，不同的生长因子会影响成体中枢神经系统干细胞和祖细胞的增殖以及分化，这同样会导致多种细胞表型的产生。然而，基质分子在这些过程中的作用尚未被发现，不过，有证据表明包括腱生蛋白在内的基质分子确实与造血干细胞相互作用（约德和威廉姆斯，1995年），可能会影响它们的增殖和分化。未来的研究可能会揭示室管膜下区增殖/迁移途径中密集的细胞外基质表达也有类似作用。
