Henkin T M
Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Annu Rev Genet. 1996;30:35-57. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.35.
A growing number of genetic systems have been shown to be controlled at the level of premature termination of transcription. Genes in this class contain transcription termination signals in the region upstream of the coding sequence. The activity of these regulatory termination signals is controlled through a variety of mechanisms. These include modification of RNA polymerase to a terminator-resistant, or terminator-prone form, and alterations in the structure of the nascent transcript, to determine whether the stem-loop structure of an intrinsic terminator or an alternate antiterminator is formed. Structural alterations in the transcript can be controlled by the kinetics of translation of the RNA, by binding of specific regulatory proteins, and by mRNA-tRNA interactions. This review describes a number of variations on the termination control theme that have been uncovered in prokaryotes.
越来越多的遗传系统已被证明在转录提前终止水平受到调控。此类基因在编码序列上游区域含有转录终止信号。这些调控终止信号的活性通过多种机制进行控制。这些机制包括将RNA聚合酶修饰为抗终止子或易终止子形式，以及新生转录本结构的改变，以确定是否形成内在终止子的茎环结构或替代抗终止子。转录本的结构改变可由RNA翻译动力学、特定调控蛋白的结合以及mRNA与tRNA的相互作用来控制。本综述描述了在原核生物中发现的终止控制主题的一些变体。
