Rogatsky G, Mayevsky A, Zarchin N, Doron A
Department of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 1996;7(1):23-43. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp.1996.7.1.23.
Severe head injury can result in a high mortality rate or irreversible brain damage. One technique used to induce traumatic brain injury (TBI) is exposure of the brain to fluid percussion pressure while monitoring the increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). Since brain injury is a multifactorial, pathological, time-dependent state, the multiparametric monitoring approach was adopted for studying fluid percussion effects on the rat brain. A multiprobe assembly (MPA) connected to the brain in vivo (right hemisphere) enabled the simultaneous monitoring of CBF, NADH redox state, extracellular K+, Ca2+, H+ levels as well as DC potential, ECoG and ICP. The animal was connected to the monitoring system and exposed to TBI after a recuperation period of at least 3 hours after the end of the operation. Two typical responses to TBI were recorded in our preliminary experiments. When severe injury was induced, ischemic depolarization (ID) developed, whereas mild or moderate injury led to repetitive spreading depression (SD) cycles. The relationship between the ID and SD observed under TBI is important to the understanding of the mechanism of brain injury. ICP before injury was between 2-6 mm Hg and increased to 20-22 mm Hg 2-3 minutes after the ID. After severe head injury, ICP remained high and in some cases increased to critical values causing death of these animals. Some animals developed seizures at various stages after the TBI. Hyperbaric oxygenation was used as a therapeutic tool to treat severely injured animals. These preliminary results suggest that it is feasible and practical to use the MPA approach for monitoring the brain after TBI.
严重颅脑损伤可导致高死亡率或不可逆的脑损伤。一种用于诱导创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的技术是在监测颅内压（ICP）升高的同时，使大脑暴露于流体冲击压力下。由于脑损伤是一种多因素、病理性、随时间变化的状态，因此采用多参数监测方法来研究流体冲击对大鼠脑的影响。一个与活体大脑（右半球）相连的多探头组件（MPA）能够同时监测脑血流量（CBF）、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NADH）氧化还原状态、细胞外钾离子（K+）、钙离子（Ca2+）、氢离子（H+）水平以及直流电位、脑电图（ECoG）和颅内压。动物与监测系统相连，并在手术结束后至少3小时的恢复期后暴露于创伤性脑损伤。在我们的初步实验中记录到了两种对创伤性脑损伤的典型反应。当诱导严重损伤时，会出现缺血性去极化（ID），而轻度或中度损伤则会导致反复的扩散性抑制（SD）周期。在创伤性脑损伤下观察到的缺血性去极化和扩散性抑制之间的关系对于理解脑损伤机制很重要。损伤前颅内压在2 - 6毫米汞柱之间，缺血性去极化后2 - 3分钟升至20 - 至22毫米汞柱。严重颅脑损伤后，颅内压持续升高，在某些情况下升至临界值导致这些动物死亡。一些动物在创伤性脑损伤后的不同阶段出现癫痫发作。高压氧被用作治疗严重受伤动物的治疗工具。这些初步结果表明，使用多探头组件方法监测创伤性脑损伤后的大脑是可行和实际的。
