Haller H
Franz Volhard Klinik, Rudolf Virchow University Clinic, Berlin, Germany.
J Hypertens Suppl. 1996 Nov;14(4):S27-32. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199606234-00006.
PROPERTIES OF THE ENDOTHELIUM: The endothelium lines all vessels of the body and is the most important communication structure between flowing blood on one hand and the vessel wall, composed of smooth muscle cells and matrix proteins, on the other. Endothelial cells release factors that affect the differentiation and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells; dedifferentiation and subsequent proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells are important early mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic vascular disease.
Calcium antagonists primarily affect the cellular interactions of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, monocytes and thrombocytes, which are important in the early phases of the development of atherosclerosis. The protective effect of calcium antagonists on the vascular system appears to be low at later stages, which include increased matrix formation and central necrosis of atherosclerotic plaques.
Present evidence indicates that calcium antagonists may be useful prophylactic agents at an early stage in the development of atherosclerotic vascular changes.
内皮的特性：内皮衬于身体所有血管内，是一方面流动的血液与另一方面由平滑肌细胞和基质蛋白组成的血管壁之间最重要的沟通结构。内皮细胞释放影响血管平滑肌细胞分化和生长的因子；血管平滑肌细胞的去分化及随后的增殖是慢性血管疾病发病机制中的重要早期机制。
钙拮抗剂主要影响内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、单核细胞和血小板之间的细胞相互作用，这些相互作用在动脉粥样硬化发展的早期阶段很重要。钙拮抗剂对血管系统的保护作用在后期似乎较低，后期包括基质形成增加和动脉粥样硬化斑块的中央坏死。
现有证据表明，钙拮抗剂可能是动脉粥样硬化血管变化发展早期的有用预防药物。
