Tamai H, Majima A
Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1996;40(3):371-6.
This study investigated the severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its relationship to childhood development. The subjects were 21 children with a birthweight of 2500 g or less who were tested for flash visual evoked potential (FVEP) at conceptual ages ranging from 1 to 3 years. We also examined 73 children with a birthweight of 1500 g or less, using the Developmental Quotient (DQ) test, at 2 1/2 years of age. Twenty-five of this group were given an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test at 6 to 7 years of age. The P100 latency of FVEP in the severe ROP group was significantly longer than that of the mild ROP group (P < 0.05). The main DQ in the severe ROP group was 99.1 +/- 17.9, significantly lower than the 108.7 +/- 15.5 of the mild ROP group (P < 0.05). No significant IQ differences were found between the two groups. The proportion of children with verbal-performance IQ discrepancies was, however, significantly greater in the severe ROP group than in the mild ROP group (P < 0.05). Since infants with severe ROP are more likely to suffer developmental disorders, long-term follow-up is absolutely necessary and must be done in cooperation with pediatricians.
本研究调查了早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的严重程度及其与儿童发育的关系。研究对象为21名出生体重2500克及以下的儿童，在1至3岁的实际年龄阶段接受了闪光视觉诱发电位（FVEP）测试。我们还对73名出生体重1500克及以下的儿童在2.5岁时使用发育商数（DQ）测试进行了检查。该组中有25名儿童在6至7岁时接受了智商（IQ）测试。重度ROP组FVEP的P100潜伏期明显长于轻度ROP组（P<0.05）。重度ROP组的主要DQ为99.1±17.9，明显低于轻度ROP组的108.7±15.5（P<0.05）。两组之间未发现显著的智商差异。然而，重度ROP组中言语-操作智商差异儿童的比例明显高于轻度ROP组（P<0.05）。由于重度ROP婴儿更易出现发育障碍，因此绝对有必要进行长期随访，且必须与儿科医生合作开展。
