Kuo L, Chung W, Bates E, Stephen J
Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Prince of Wales Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
J Pediatr Orthop. 1997 Jan-Feb;17(1):78-88.
The purpose of this study was to assess the limits of hamstring tightness in 369 children by using three common tests. The straight leg-raise test averaged 100 degrees at birth, increasing to 110 degrees at age 1 year, before decreasing to 80 degrees by age 5-6 years. It then remained constant to skeletal maturity. Hamstring tightness is present if this angle is < 80 degrees in children younger than 2 years. After this age, the limit decreased steadily to plateau at 60 degrees by the age of 6 years. The popliteal angle measured the maximum 180 degrees from birth to age 2 years. This angle then decreased to average 155 degrees by age 6 years and remained steady. An angle < 125 degrees suggests significant hamstring tightness. The touching-toes test showed minimal variation between age groups averaging, 1 +/- 3 cm. Distances reached < -5 cm in children aged up to 6 years and < -15 cm in those older than 6 indicate excessively tight hamstrings. Little difference was seen between sides, although girls demonstrated less hamstring tightness. All tests showed a positive correlation with the grade of ligamentous laxity, but no association with the child's stage of puberty could be detected.
本研究的目的是通过使用三种常见测试评估369名儿童的腘绳肌紧张度极限。直腿抬高测试在出生时平均为100度，1岁时增加到110度，然后在5至6岁时降至80度。此后一直保持到骨骼成熟。如果2岁以下儿童的这个角度<80度，则存在腘绳肌紧张。这个年龄之后，极限稳步下降，到6岁时稳定在60度。腘窝角从出生到2岁测量的最大值为180度。然后这个角度在6岁时降至平均155度并保持稳定。角度<125度表明存在明显的腘绳肌紧张。触摸脚趾测试显示各年龄组之间的差异最小，平均为1 +/- 3厘米。6岁及以下儿童触及距离< -5厘米，6岁以上儿童触及距离< -15厘米表明腘绳肌过度紧张。两侧之间差异不大，尽管女孩的腘绳肌紧张度较低。所有测试均与韧带松弛程度呈正相关，但未发现与儿童青春期阶段有关联。
