Staffa F, Bartone M, Mancuso G, Mattioli P L, Pujia A, Gnasso A
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina di Catanzaro, Università degli Studi-Reggio Calabria.
Minerva Med. 1996 Oct;87(10):471-4.
Rendu-Osler-Weber disease is an hereditary disorder characterized by cutaneo-mucous telangiectasis and vascular abnormalities in several organs. Bleeding, especially epistaxis, represents the most important clinical feature. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae can cause hypoxaemia, haemoptysis, polycythaemia and clubbing. Diagnosis is based on family and personal history, teleangiectasis, laboratory (haemochrome, fibrinogen, PT, PTT) and instrumental findings (endoscopy and/or roentgen). Therapy depends on symptoms. Embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae and laser treatment of intestinal vascular abnormalities have been successful. Danazol treatment yielded controversial results. We report the case of a patient admitted for arterial hypertension and recurrent epistaxis. Rendu-Osler-Weber disease diagnosis was made based on positivity at family and personal history, clinical examination, laboratory and instrumental findings. In conclusion we underline the pivotal role of anamnesis and clinical examination in the differential diagnosis of hereditary bleeding disorders and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis for the correct therapeutic approach.
遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症是一种遗传性疾病,其特征为皮肤黏膜毛细血管扩张以及多个器官的血管异常。出血,尤其是鼻出血,是最重要的临床特征。肺动静脉瘘可导致低氧血症、咯血、红细胞增多症和杵状指。诊断基于家族史和个人史、毛细血管扩张、实验室检查(血红蛋白、纤维蛋白原、凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间)以及影像学检查结果(内镜检查和/或X线检查)。治疗取决于症状。肺动静脉瘘的栓塞治疗以及肠道血管异常的激光治疗已取得成功。达那唑治疗的结果存在争议。我们报告了一例因动脉高血压和反复鼻出血入院的患者。根据家族史和个人史、临床检查、实验室检查及影像学检查结果确诊为遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症。总之,我们强调了问诊和临床检查在遗传性出血性疾病鉴别诊断中的关键作用,并强调了早期诊断对于正确治疗方法的重要性。