Ribeiro J M
Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Jul;26(7):715-20. doi: 10.1016/s0965-1748(96)00040-9.
Salivary gland homogenates of the adult female mosquito Anopheles albimanus, but not those of Aedes aegypti, induced light production in the presence of NADPH and luminol, indicating a NADPH oxidase activity producing reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion) by the anopheline salivary homogenate. Superoxide production by the anopheline salivary homogenate was also confirmed by the NADPH-dependent, superoxide dismutase inhibitable, reduction of cytochrome c. The NADPH oxidase reaction measured by light production in the presence of luminol was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalase. Both NADH and NADPH were substrates for the production of oxygen reactive species by the salivary homogenate. Activity, as measured by luminol-dependent light emission, was enhanced one order of magnitude in the presence of 1.6 mg/ml of either phosphatidylserine or bovine serum albumin. Molecular sieving and hydroxyapatite chromatography of the salivary homogenate showed coelution of the NADPH oxidase activity with the previously reported salivary peroxidase activity. It is suggested that the salivary peroxidase of Anopheles albimanus has the ability of producing superoxide in the presence of NADPH, and this may provide the peroxidase with substrates necessary for peroxidation of vasoconstrictor amines such as serotonin, released by aggregating platelets at the site of mosquito probing and feeding.
成年雌性白纹伊蚊的唾液腺匀浆（而非埃及伊蚊的唾液腺匀浆）在存在烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）和鲁米诺的情况下可诱导发光，这表明按蚊唾液匀浆具有产生活性氧（超氧阴离子）的NADPH氧化酶活性。按蚊唾液匀浆产生超氧阴离子的现象也通过依赖NADPH、可被超氧化物歧化酶抑制的细胞色素c还原得以证实。在鲁米诺存在的情况下通过发光测量的NADPH氧化酶反应可被超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶抑制。NADH和NADPH都是唾液匀浆产生氧活性物质的底物。在存在1.6 mg/ml的磷脂酰丝氨酸或牛血清白蛋白时，通过依赖鲁米诺的发光测量的活性增强了一个数量级。唾液匀浆的分子筛和羟基磷灰石色谱显示NADPH氧化酶活性与先前报道的唾液过氧化物酶活性共洗脱。提示白纹伊蚊的唾液过氧化物酶在存在NADPH的情况下具有产生超氧阴离子的能力，这可能为过氧化物酶提供了对诸如5-羟色胺等血管收缩胺进行过氧化反应所需的底物，5-羟色胺是在蚊子叮咬和取食部位聚集的血小板释放的。
