Lerma J, Morales M, Vicente M A, Herreras O
Dept of Neural Plasticity, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
Trends Neurosci. 1997 Jan;20(1):9-12. doi: 10.1016/S0166-2236(96)20055-4.
Glutamic acid is an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. It has been established that synaptic transmission is mediated mostly by the ionotropic glutamate receptors AMPA and NMDA, with fast and slow kinetics, respectively. The recent demonstration in hippocampal neurones of a class of glutamate receptors that are activated by kainate and not by AMPA (that is, kainate-selective receptors) opens the possibility that receptors, others than those of the AMPA type, might also be involved in fast neurotransmission. The lack of specific pharmacological tools to dissect out AMPA from kainate receptors has hampered the functional study of kainate receptors. However, the recent finding that a 2,3-benzodiazepine (GYK153655) behaves as a selective antagonist of AMPA receptors allows us to address the question of the role of rapidly inactivating kainate receptors in synaptic transmission.
谷氨酸是哺乳动物中枢神经系统中一种重要的兴奋性神经递质。已经确定，突触传递主要由离子型谷氨酸受体AMPA和NMDA介导，其动力学分别为快速和慢速。最近在海马神经元中发现了一类由海人酸激活而非AMPA激活的谷氨酸受体（即海人酸选择性受体），这表明除AMPA型受体外，其他受体也可能参与快速神经传递。缺乏从海人酸受体中分离出AMPA的特异性药理学工具阻碍了对海人酸受体的功能研究。然而，最近发现一种2,3-苯二氮䓬（GYK153655）可作为AMPA受体的选择性拮抗剂，这使我们能够探讨快速失活的海人酸受体在突触传递中的作用问题。
