Parkhomenko Iu M, Donchenko G V, Protasova Z S
Ukr Biokhim Zh (1978). 1996 Mar-Apr;68(2):3-14.
A review of some experimental results as to identification of the specific role of thiamine in functioning of nerve cells is presented. Failure to attribute high neuroactivity of thiamine considering only its known biochemical function as a coenzyme precursor of some key Enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism has formed conceptions existence of non-coenzyme functions in this vitamin which are realized in nerve cells. The Investigation of this thiamine function has been developing mainly in two principal directions the study of participation of biologically active thiamine derivatives is functioning of the excited membrane ion channels and the study of their role in the synthesis and metabolism of acetylcholine. Taking into account analysis of their own data and those available in literature, the authors formulate a hypothesis which attributes high neuroactivity of thiamine not to the existence of a certain function in the nerve cells new for this vitamin but only to the peculiarities of the structure-functional organization of the cells the existence of excited membrane, and interdependence between the cellular metabolism and transport of loss via the membrane, which underlies regulation of the synthesis, release, capture and catabolism of neurotransmitters.
本文对一些关于确定硫胺素在神经细胞功能中特定作用的实验结果进行了综述。仅考虑硫胺素作为碳水化合物代谢某些关键酶的辅酶前体这一已知生化功能，无法解释其高神经活性，这促使人们形成了关于该维生素在神经细胞中存在非辅酶功能的概念。对硫胺素这一功能的研究主要朝着两个主要方向发展：研究生物活性硫胺素衍生物参与兴奋膜离子通道功能的情况，以及研究它们在乙酰胆碱合成和代谢中的作用。考虑到对自身数据和文献中现有数据的分析，作者提出了一个假设，即硫胺素的高神经活性并非归因于该维生素在神经细胞中存在某种新功能，而是仅归因于细胞结构 - 功能组织的特性、兴奋膜的存在以及细胞代谢与通过膜的物质转运之间的相互依存关系，这些是神经递质合成、释放、摄取和分解代谢调节的基础。
