Johnson M H, Moroney C E, Gay C F
Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1997 Jan-Feb;24(1):51-7.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe a treatment algorithm for the choice of antiemetic therapy for the patient receiving chemotherapy.
Published literature, data collected on an inpatient oncology unit.
Because little information is available to systematically guide clinicians in choosing the best antiemetic for an individual patient who is receiving a particular chemotherapy protocol, a treatment algorithm was developed. The four main variables include emetogenicity of the protocol, patient's age, previous adverse reaction to antiemetics, and failure of previous antiemetics. Other factors to consider include alcohol use, anticipatory nausea, patient health status, nausea history not related to chemotherapy, and type and availability of IV access.
The use of this algorithm resulted in appropriate choice of antiemetics and improved patient outcomes associated with reduced incidence of nausea and vomiting.
Nurses can have a significant impact on a patient's experience with chemotherapy treatment by improving symptom management of nausea and vomiting.
目的/目标：描述一种为接受化疗的患者选择止吐疗法的治疗算法。
已发表的文献、在肿瘤住院病房收集的数据。
由于几乎没有信息可系统地指导临床医生为接受特定化疗方案的个体患者选择最佳止吐药，因此制定了一种治疗算法。四个主要变量包括方案的致吐性、患者年龄、既往对止吐药的不良反应以及既往止吐药治疗失败情况。其他需要考虑的因素包括饮酒情况、预期性恶心、患者健康状况、与化疗无关的恶心病史以及静脉通路的类型和可用性。
使用该算法可导致止吐药的恰当选择，并改善患者结局，同时降低恶心和呕吐的发生率。
护士可通过改善恶心和呕吐的症状管理，对患者的化疗治疗体验产生重大影响。
