Figueiredo J F, Rodrigues M de L, Troncon L E, Cianflone A R
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Brazil.
Acad Med. 1997 Jan;72(1):68-70.
To examine the influence of gender on the specialty choices of graduates from a Brazilian medical school.
Data for graduates of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP) who enrolled in the FMRP-USP's residency program were pooled for surgery, internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics-gynecology, anesthesiology, ophthalmology, radiology, and orthopedics and were analyzed by gender in two periods, 1979-1984 (n = 414) and 1989-1994 (n = 407). The data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability test.
Women predominated in pediatrics and men in surgery and orthopedics in both periods, with no predominance of either gender in the other specialties. Between the two study periods, there were decreases in the choices of both genders for internal medicine and increases in the choices of the men for anesthesiology and of the women for radiology.
Significant changes occurred in the pattern of specialty choices between the men and the women and the two study periods. Considering the needs of the Brazilian health care system, the trends in career choices and the influence of gender should be continuously scrutinized.
研究性别对巴西一所医学院校毕业生专业选择的影响。
圣保罗大学里贝朗普雷图医学院（FMRP-USP）参加该校住院医师项目的毕业生数据，汇总了外科、内科、儿科、妇产科、麻醉科、眼科、放射科和骨科的数据，并按性别在两个时间段进行分析，即1979 - 1984年（n = 414）和1989 - 1994年（n = 407）。数据采用卡方检验和费舍尔精确概率检验进行统计学分析。
在两个时间段内，儿科专业女性居多，外科和骨科专业男性居多，其他专业不存在性别优势。在两个研究时间段之间，内科专业的男女选择人数均减少，麻醉科男性选择人数增加，放射科女性选择人数增加。
男女之间以及两个研究时间段的专业选择模式发生了显著变化。考虑到巴西医疗保健系统的需求，职业选择趋势和性别影响应持续受到审视。
