Rosenberg M L, Fenley M A, Johnson D, Short L
Office of the Director, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Acad Med. 1997 Jan;72(1 Suppl):S13-8.
Public health approaches the primary prevention of family violence by focusing on surveillance, the identification of risk factors, and the development, evaluation, and dissemination of interventions. Physicians and other health care providers are crucial in this process because they are in a unique position to identify at-risk individuals and populations and to implement both broad-based and targeted preventive and intervention initiatives. Incorporating public health principles into medical education and medical practice not only can reduce the severity of this epidemic by strengthening efforts in early detection and expert intervention but also can create effective primary prevention, an important necessary step towards eradicating every disease or condition. This article discusses the role of public health professionals in preventing family and intimate violence. It notes specific findings from public health research, including the cycle of violence and the need to incorporate issues of abuse across the life span, and other factors, into medical education. Addressing family and intimate violence in a caring and sensitive manner is difficult, and incorporating public health principles into medical education and medical practice can forge an effective partnership between medical practitioners and public health professionals. This new partnership represents both an important challenge and a unique opportunity to understand family and intimate violence and thus to develop and evaluate effective short- and long-term solutions.
公共卫生通过关注监测、风险因素识别以及干预措施的制定、评估和传播来开展家庭暴力的一级预防。医生和其他医疗保健提供者在这一过程中至关重要，因为他们处于独特的地位，能够识别高危个体和人群，并实施广泛的和有针对性的预防及干预举措。将公共卫生原则纳入医学教育和医疗实践，不仅可以通过加强早期检测和专业干预的力度来减轻这一流行病的严重程度，还能够开展有效的一级预防，这是根除每种疾病或状况的重要必要步骤。本文讨论了公共卫生专业人员在预防家庭和亲密伴侣暴力方面的作用。它指出了公共卫生研究的具体发现，包括暴力循环以及将贯穿一生的虐待问题和其他因素纳入医学教育的必要性。以关爱和敏感的方式处理家庭和亲密伴侣暴力问题具有挑战性，将公共卫生原则纳入医学教育和医疗实践能够在医生和公共卫生专业人员之间建立有效的合作关系。这种新的合作关系既是一项重大挑战，也是一个独特的机会，有助于了解家庭和亲密伴侣暴力，从而制定和评估有效的短期和长期解决方案。
