Berg D T
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1997 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):5-12.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review the drug profiles and nursing implications of Camptosar (irinotecan) (pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI), Hycamtin (topotecan) (SmithKline Beecham Oncology,Philadelphia, PA), 9-aminocamptothecin TM (9-AC) (Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc.), Taxotere (docetaxel) (Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Collegeville, PA), and Oncaspar (Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals).
Published articles, abstracts, drug manufacturers, personal experience with clinical trials of these agents.
Camptosar's dose-limiting toxicity is diarrhea, which requires astute management. Hycamtin and 9-AC are severely myelosuppressive. Taxotere's use has been complicated by fluid retention and, to a lesser degree, hypersensitivity reactions. Oncaspar has the same toxicity profile as natural L-asparaginase with fewer hypersensitivity reactions.
Research in the field of oncology continues to progress toward the cure of cancer. Novel agents offer promising new treatment options and affect response rates and patient care. Oncology nurses are challenged to stay abreast of these new developments.
Nurses play a vital role in the assessment and management of treatment-related side effects. Patient education regarding anticipated side effects and appropriate self-care measures are essential nursing functions.
目的/目标：回顾开普拓（伊立替康）（法玛西亚普强公司，密歇根州卡拉马祖）、拓扑替康（史克必成肿瘤公司，宾夕法尼亚州费城）、9-氨基喜树碱（法玛西亚普强公司）、泰索帝（多西他赛）（罗纳普朗克·罗雷尔制药公司，宾夕法尼亚州科尔奇维尔）和昂卡司帕（罗纳普朗克·罗雷尔制药公司）的药物概况及护理要点。
发表的文章、摘要、药品制造商以及对这些药物进行临床试验的个人经验。
开普拓的剂量限制性毒性是腹泻，需要精心处理。拓扑替康和9-氨基喜树碱有严重的骨髓抑制作用。泰索帝的应用因液体潴留而变得复杂，且在较小程度上还会引起过敏反应。昂卡司帕与天然L-天冬酰胺酶具有相同的毒性特征，但过敏反应较少。
肿瘤学领域的研究在癌症治愈方面持续取得进展。新型药物提供了有前景的新治疗选择，并影响缓解率和患者护理。肿瘤学护士面临着紧跟这些新进展的挑战。
护士在评估和处理与治疗相关的副作用方面起着至关重要的作用。对患者进行关于预期副作用和适当自我护理措施的教育是护理的基本职能。
