Russolo M, Semeraro A
Audiology. 1977 Sep-Oct;16(5):373-9. doi: 10.3109/00206097709071850.
A bilateral reflex contraction of the isolated tensor tympani muscle has been obtained in man by bipolar electric stimulation of the edge of the tongue (DC generator). The avoidance of the elevated and variable body electric resistance and of the variable contact resistance from the hand to the ground plate, represents an appreciable improvement of this method in comparison with the unipolar method described in a earlier paper. A further improvement has also been achieved by applying the electric stimulus to one inferior aspect of the tongue near the floor of the mouth, nearer to the lingual nerve. An analysis has been subsequently conducted in normal subjects and in patients affected by pathologies of the tympano-ossicular system; otosclerosis, tympanosclerosis, unilateral complete suprastapedial facial paralysis, interrumption of the ossicular chain; in cases of interruption of the afferent arc: section of the unilateral lingual nerve; involvement of its central portion: cerebello-pontine angle tumour, brain stem tumour. A chiasma-like central nervous pattern is suggested.
通过对舌边缘进行双极电刺激（直流发电机），在人体中获得了孤立的鼓膜张肌的双侧反射性收缩。与早期论文中描述的单极方法相比，避免了升高且变化的人体电阻以及从手到接地板的可变接触电阻，这是该方法的一个显著改进。通过将电刺激施加到靠近口腔底部、更靠近舌神经的舌的一个下侧，也取得了进一步的改进。随后对正常受试者以及患有鼓室-听骨链系统疾病的患者进行了分析；耳硬化症、鼓室硬化症、单侧完全性镫骨上颜面神经麻痹、听骨链中断；在传入弧中断的情况下：单侧舌神经切断；其中心部分受累：小脑脑桥角肿瘤、脑干肿瘤。提示存在一种交叉样的中枢神经模式。
