Sebire N J, Von Kaisenberg C, Rubio C, Snijders R J, Nicolaides K H
Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Dec;8(6):387-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1997.08060387.x.
During the study period, 24,492 pregnant women attended the Harris Birthright Research Centre at 10-14 weeks of gestation, at which time, in addition to the measurements of nuchal translucency thickness and crown-rump length (CRL), data on fetal abnormalities were recorded onto a computer database. Cases of megacystis were identified and the records were reviewed. Additionally, the relationship of the longitudinal bladder diameter with the CRL and the bladder diameter/CRL ratio (expressed as a percentage) were examined with the use of data from 300 normal fetuses at 10-14 weeks. Megacystis was present in 15 of the 24,492 pregnancies (1 in 1,633) and in these cases the minimum longitudinal bladder diameter was 8 mm and the minimum bladder diameter/CRL ratio was 13%. In the 300 control fetuses the bladder was visualized in 278 (92.7%) of the cases and the longitudinal bladder diameter increased with the CRL (bladder diameter = 0.065 x CRL - 0.69; r = 0.47, p < 0.001), none of the measurements was more than 6 mm and the median bladder diameter/CRL ratio was 5.4% (range 0-10.4%) which did not change significantly with gestation (r = 0.1, p = 0.09). The bladder was visible in all cases with a minimum CRL of 67 mm. In three of the 15 cases with megacystis, there were chromosomal abnormalities. In the chromosomally normal group, there were seven cases with spontaneous resolution, whereas in four cases there was progression to severe obstructive uropathy. The bladder diameter was 8-12 mm and the bladder diameter/CRL ratio 13-22% in all cases with resolution and in one case with progressive megacystis; in the other three cases with progressive obstruction, the bladder length was more than 16 mm and the bladder diameter/CRL ratio was more than 28%.
在研究期间，24492名孕妇在妊娠10 - 14周时前往哈里斯出生权利研究中心，在此期间，除了测量颈部透明带厚度和头臀长度（CRL）外，有关胎儿异常的数据被记录到计算机数据库中。识别出巨膀胱病例并对记录进行审查。此外，利用10 - 14周时300例正常胎儿的数据，研究了膀胱纵径与CRL的关系以及膀胱直径/CRL比值（以百分比表示）。24492例妊娠中有15例（1/1633）存在巨膀胱，在这些病例中，膀胱最小纵径为8mm，最小膀胱直径/CRL比值为13%。在300例对照胎儿中，278例（92.7%）可观察到膀胱，膀胱纵径随CRL增加（膀胱直径 = 0.065×CRL - 0.69；r = 0.47，p < 0.001），所有测量值均不超过6mm，膀胱直径/CRL比值中位数为5.4%（范围0 - 10.4%），且随孕周无显著变化（r = 0.1，p = 0.09）。所有CRL至少为67mm的病例中均可见膀胱。15例巨膀胱病例中有3例存在染色体异常。在染色体正常组中，7例自发缓解，而4例进展为严重梗阻性泌尿系统疾病。所有缓解病例以及1例进行性巨膀胱病例的膀胱直径为8 - 12mm，膀胱直径/CRL比值为13 - 22%；在其他3例进行性梗阻病例中，膀胱长度超过16mm，膀胱直径/CRL比值超过28%。
