Moore R, Abrahamsen R, Brødsgaard I
Department of Oral Epidemiology and Public Health, Royal Dental College, Arhus University, Denmark.
Eur J Oral Sci. 1996 Oct-Dec;104(5-6):612-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00150.x.
Effects of hypnotherapy (HT) and self-hypnosis training on extreme dental anxiety in adults aged 19-65 years were compared with group therapy (GT) and individual desensitization (SD) using scales of dental anxiety, dental beliefs, and fear of a next dentist (after specialist treatment). All experimental groups were demographically comparable and showed reduced anxiety and improved dental beliefs compared with 51 control patients. The 25 HT patients did not differ significantly in numbers of dropouts during training compared with the 30 GT patients or 68 SD patients. For patients completing treatment, HT (n = 22) reduced dental anxiety to the same degree as GT (n = 24) and SD (n = 60). HT and SD patients required more therapist hours per patient than did GT, but total dropouts at 1 yr after specialist treatment were significantly greater in HT (13/ 25) than for SD rehearsals (5/34) or SD video (8/32), but not GT (15/30). Hypnotizability was found to vary from patient to patient, with a direct relationship to time saved. But hypnotizability had an inverse relationship to STAI general anxiety level for those who went on to dentists after 1 year. Transference effects were noted for most HT dropout patients as an aversive response to continued dental treatment with other dentists than the specialist.
将催眠疗法（HT）和自我催眠训练对19至65岁成年人极度牙科焦虑的影响，与团体治疗（GT）和个体脱敏疗法（SD）进行了比较，使用牙科焦虑量表、牙科信念量表以及对下一位牙医的恐惧量表（在专科治疗后）。所有实验组在人口统计学上具有可比性，与51名对照患者相比，焦虑程度降低，牙科信念得到改善。与30名接受团体治疗的患者或68名接受个体脱敏疗法的患者相比，25名接受催眠疗法的患者在训练期间的退出人数没有显著差异。对于完成治疗的患者，接受催眠疗法的患者（n = 22）与接受团体治疗的患者（n = 24）和接受个体脱敏疗法的患者（n = 60）相比，牙科焦虑程度降低到相同程度。与接受团体治疗的患者相比，接受催眠疗法和个体脱敏疗法的患者每位患者所需的治疗师时间更多，但在专科治疗后1年时，接受催眠疗法的患者（13/25）的总退出人数显著多于接受个体脱敏疗法预演组（5/34）或个体脱敏疗法视频组（8/32），但不包括接受团体治疗的患者（15/30）。发现可催眠性因人而异，与节省的时间呈直接关系。但对于那些在1年后去看牙医的患者，可催眠性与状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）的总体焦虑水平呈反比关系。对于大多数退出催眠疗法的患者，观察到了移情效应，表现为对继续接受专科以外其他牙医的牙科治疗产生厌恶反应。
