McRory J E, Parker R L, Sherwood N M
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jan;16(1):95-102. doi: 10.1089/dna.1997.16.95.
The chicken growth hormone-releasing hormone (GRF) gene was isolated, sequenced, and characterized. In addition, three different mRNAs were isolated from juvenile and adult brain. The first cDNA encoded for a GRF(1-46), the second cDNA encoded for a GRF(1-43) due to a sliding intron boundary, and the third skipped exon four and encoded only GRF(33-46). We also determined that juvenile chicken mRNA encoding GRF is expressed in the brain and gonads, but not in the pituitary, heart, liver, kidney, crop, small intestine, large intestine, eye, and muscle. This gene is also interesting in terms of evolution because another neuropeptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), is encoded within the same gene (grf/pacap) in chicken, but on a separate gene (pacap) in mammals. We showed previously that these two neuropeptides were encoded in the same cDNA in fish, but the present evidence in chicken suggests a gene duplication in stem mammals.
鸡生长激素释放激素（GRF）基因被分离、测序并进行了表征。此外，还从幼年和成年鸡的大脑中分离出三种不同的mRNA。第一个cDNA编码GRF(1 - 46)，第二个cDNA由于内含子边界滑动而编码GRF(1 - 43)，第三个跳过外显子4，仅编码GRF(33 - 46)。我们还确定，编码GRF的幼年鸡mRNA在大脑和性腺中表达，但在垂体、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、嗉囊、小肠、大肠、眼睛和肌肉中不表达。就进化而言，该基因也很有趣，因为另一种神经肽，即垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP），在鸡中由同一基因（grf/pacap）编码，但在哺乳动物中由一个单独的基因（pacap）编码。我们之前表明，这两种神经肽在鱼类中由同一个cDNA编码，但目前鸡的证据表明在哺乳类动物祖先中发生了基因重复。
