Horn V J, Redman R S, Ambudkar I S
Oral Pathology Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington DC 20422, USA.
Arch Oral Biol. 1996 Aug-Sep;41(8-9):769-77. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9969(96)00069-6.
Interpretation of previous studies of the effects of hypovitaminosis. A on salivary glands is confounded by the atrophic effects of liquid or powdered diets. The purpose of this study was to reevaluate the effects of vitamin. A deficiency on the morphology and function of rat salivary glands using a pelleted diet that promotes physiological levels of masticatory stimulation. Profound vitamin A deficiency resulted in a marked decrease in stimulated parotid secretion. Histological evaluation demonstrated the development of squamous metaplasia in the ducts of parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands; however, atrophy was observed only in serious salivary glands. In the parotid gland the degree of atrophy corresponded to the decrease in stimulated secretion. Mild hypovitaminosis A (before the development of squamous metaplasia in ducts) was associated with distinctly different effects. The parotid gland was moderately enlarged. There was also a significant increase in stimulated secretion, which was not explained by changes in gland size, muscarinic receptor number or affinity, or receptor-mediated calcium signalling.
对先前关于维生素A缺乏症对唾液腺影响的研究解读，因流质或粉末状饮食的萎缩效应而混淆。本研究的目的是使用促进咀嚼刺激达到生理水平的颗粒饲料，重新评估维生素A缺乏对大鼠唾液腺形态和功能的影响。严重维生素A缺乏导致腮腺刺激分泌显著减少。组织学评估显示腮腺、颌下腺和舌下腺导管出现鳞状化生；然而，仅在严重唾液腺中观察到萎缩。在腮腺中，萎缩程度与刺激分泌的减少相对应。轻度维生素A缺乏症（在导管出现鳞状化生之前）具有明显不同的影响。腮腺中度肿大。刺激分泌也显著增加，这无法通过腺体大小、毒蕈碱受体数量或亲和力或受体介导的钙信号传导的变化来解释。
