Di Murro C, Paolantonio M, Pedrazzoli V, Lopatin D E, Cattabriga M
Department of Periodontology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
J Periodontol. 1997 Jan;68(1):18-23. doi: 10.1902/jop.1997.68.1.18.
The aim of this study was to assess by means of an ELISA technique, the occurrence of 3 putative periodontopathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus, and Treponema denticola, in 3 clinically-defined adult periodontal conditions. Thirty systemically-healthy subjects were selected and grouped into 3 categories according to their periodontal health: 1) 10 periodontitis subjects (PS), having moderate adult chronic periodontitis; 2) 10 untreated gingivitis subjects (UGS), exhibiting no signs of periodontal destruction but presenting with clinical signs of mild gingivitis; and, 3) 10 treated gingivitis subjects (TGS), having the same clinical status as UGS, but who received a thorough prophylaxis treatment within the past 7 to 14 days prior to the baseline examination. A total of 60 samples were collected subgingivally from the six Ramfjord teeth per subject in each group and ELISA analysis was carried out to give a semiquantitative estimate of P. gingivalis. B. forsythus, and T. denticola. The immunologic detection method suggested the presence of antigens of P. gingivalis, B. forsythus, and T. denticola in subjects from each of the 3 groups. When a global analysis for the 3 disease groups was performed at one time, statistically significant differences were found among the ELISA scores of the 3 bacterial species. For example, comparisons of the ELISA scores showed that the concentrations of P. gingivalis differed significantly when comparing TGS to UGS and PS, but not when examining UGS/PS. The ELISA scores for B. forsythus were significantly different between TGS and PS. Mean concentrations of T. denticola were significantly different when comparing PS to TGS or UGS, whereas no difference was found between the latter categories. Within the limited scope of this study, the concentration of antigens detectable from putative periodontopathogens like P. gingivalis, B. forsythus, and T. denticola differed among the 3 diseased groups, with periodontitis subjects often showing the greatest level of antigens. Thus, it is reasonable to expect that, when using sensitive immunological detection methods, antigens of suspected periodontal pathogens can be found irrespective of the individual's clinical status. However, while detectable in the periodontal sites, the concentrations of these microorganisms are most likely to be above the threshold necessary to induce clinically-significant disease. Studies with larger sample size and standardized antigens are necessary to determine if the groups we found not to differ, were, in fact, different.
本研究旨在通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术，评估三种假定的牙周病原体——牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和具核梭杆菌——在三种临床定义的成人牙周病症中的出现情况。选取了30名全身健康的受试者，并根据其牙周健康状况分为3组：1）10名牙周炎受试者（PS），患有中度成人慢性牙周炎；2）10名未经治疗的牙龈炎受试者（UGS），无牙周组织破坏迹象，但有轻度牙龈炎的临床症状；3）10名已治疗的牙龈炎受试者（TGS），与UGS临床状况相同，但在基线检查前7至14天内接受了彻底的预防性治疗。每组中，从每位受试者的6颗Ramfjord牙的龈下部位总共采集60份样本，并进行ELISA分析，以对牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和具核梭杆菌进行半定量评估。免疫检测方法表明，在3组受试者中均存在牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和具核梭杆菌的抗原。当同时对3个疾病组进行整体分析时，发现这3种细菌的ELISA评分存在统计学上的显著差异。例如，ELISA评分比较显示，将TGS与UGS和PS进行比较时，牙龈卟啉单胞菌的浓度存在显著差异，但在比较UGS/PS时则无差异。福赛斯坦纳菌的ELISA评分在TGS和PS之间存在显著差异。将PS与TGS或UGS进行比较时，具核梭杆菌的平均浓度存在显著差异，而在TGS和UGS之间未发现差异。在本研究的有限范围内，从牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌和具核梭杆菌等假定的牙周病原体中可检测到的抗原浓度在3个患病组中有所不同，牙周炎受试者通常显示出最高水平的抗原。因此，可以合理预期，当使用敏感的免疫检测方法时，无论个体的临床状况如何，都能发现可疑牙周病原体的抗原。然而，虽然在牙周部位可检测到这些微生物，但它们的浓度很可能高于引发具有临床意义疾病所需的阈值。需要进行样本量更大且抗原标准化的研究，以确定我们发现无差异的组实际上是否存在差异。
