Marcelli C
Service de rhumatologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire, Caen.
Rev Prat. 1997 Jan 1;47(1):50-5.
A stress fracture is a very localized change in bone remodeling occurring in a normal bone that is subjected to an unusual repeated cyclic loading. It is a common fracture in military recruits and recreational or competitive athletes. A typical medical history and a local bone tenderness at physical examination suggest the diagnosis that is confirmed by a local "hot" spot on the radionuclide bone scan. Radiographic signs are delayed and inconstant. Radiographs show the fracture line or a bone sclerosis as the result of fracture healing. Although every bone may be involved, depending on the type of the physical activity, metatarsals and calcaneus are the most frequent locations in the foot. The treatment of a stress fracture in the foot consists in a 4 to 6 nonweight-bearing immobilisation followed by a graduated return to march and sport.
应力性骨折是正常骨骼在承受异常反复循环负荷时发生的非常局部化的骨重塑变化。它是新兵以及休闲或竞技运动员中常见的骨折类型。典型的病史和体格检查时的局部骨压痛提示诊断，放射性核素骨扫描上的局部“热点”可证实该诊断。X线征象出现较晚且不恒定。X线片显示骨折线或骨折愈合导致的骨质硬化。尽管任何骨骼都可能受累，但根据体育活动的类型，跖骨和跟骨是足部最常发生的部位。足部应力性骨折的治疗包括4至6周的非负重固定，随后逐步恢复行军和运动。
